Universidad Interamericana para el Desarrollo (UNIDX)
The Exponential Educational Model: Rethinking Knowledge, Skills, and Human Development
The Exponential Educational Model is a transposition of teaching itself, but through the transformation of human beings, their competencies, and their knowledge. For this reason, this article attempts to present and offer a series of considerations regarding the conceptual analysis of the model, systematizing its foundations, principles, and pedagogical projections. The methodology used was an exhaustive documentary review of the book Exponential Educational Model as the main source, based on a critical-interpretative synthesis to explain the articulation of pedagogical theory with innovative practices. The results obtained are evident: the model proposes a transition from learning by memorization to meaningful learning, offering a context that enables creativity, critical thinking, and the human being and their ethical, social, and technological relationships. It is also a model that proposes a paradigm of the culture of adaptation and sustainability in the face of the challenges of the 21st century. Finally, the conclusions lead us to affirm that the Exponential Educational Model favors or supports the consolidation of a flexible, human-like educational structure oriented toward the future, capable of responding to the demands of social and technological transformation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Atilio Rodolfo Buendia Giribaldi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Production of biofuels (briquettes) from Polylepis incana (Queñual) wood residues in the district of Ahuaycha, Huancavelica
The production of briquettes from Polylepis incana sawdust emerges as a viable solution to the energy and environmental crisis. This species, known for its resistance to extreme conditions and high calorific value, enables the transformation of wood residues into sustainable biofuels, contributing to the circular economy and waste management. The study was conducted in Ahuaycha, Huancavelica, using 2 kg of sawdust, 1/4 kg of potato starch as a binder, and 1 liter of water. Techniques such as sieving, manual mixing, and compaction with an artisanal briquette press were employed, producing 50 g briquettes. The analysis included determining moisture (18.01%), density (0.38 g/cm³), and cellulose content (55.41%), highlighting the starch's impact on water retention and compaction. The briquettes demonstrated a combustion duration of 1 hour and 47 minutes, although moisture exceeding the ISO 17225-7 standard may limit their energy efficiency. The cellulose content and anatomical structure of Polylepis incana confer optimal properties for biofuels. In conclusion, this process highlights the potential of Polylepis incana residues to generate renewable energy, promoting sustainability in rural communities and reducing pollutant emissions, with areas for improvement in drying and product compaction.
Copyright (c) 2024 Elyane Estefany Belito Huamani, Susan Karina Montes Bujaico, Pabel Mariano Meza Mitma, Liz Roxana Ospina Castro, Sheyla Zarain Pariona Duran, Karen Deysi Ramos Huaman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Identification of fungi that attack the forest species Alnus acuminata Kunth (Aliso) in the Lindero Valley, May 2, Tayacaja
In order to understand the interactions of the fungi that harm the decomposition of the wood of the forest species of Alnus acuminata, the objective of this study was to identify the characteristics of the fungi that attack the species Alnus acuminata located in the Lindero 2 de Mayo valley. The methodological design used in this study was descriptive, since it focused on the observation and characterization of the pathogenic fungi that affect Alnus acuminata. The fungus, Fomes fomentarius presents sporangia with a globular shape and mycelial structures that spread dispersely on the substrate. For this reason, the wood of Alnus acuminata affected by this fungus presents collapsed and deformed areas, indicative of the enzymatic action of the fungus. Conduits of interrupted porosity can be seen, where the fungus selectively degrades lignin, leaving a matrix rich in cellulose. While the fungus Stereum rugosum shows in its shape globose sporangia with smooth walls, which are connected to thin and branched hyphae, where both pathogens cause significant damage to the species Alnus acuminata, having a negative impact on the forest. The study identified the fungi Fomes fomentarius and Stereum rugosum as pathogens that affect Alnus acuminata, weakening its structure through the decomposition of lignin and wood. The microscopic characterization highlighted its adaptive capacity and reproduction mechanisms.
Copyright (c) 2025 Elyane Estefany Belito Huamani, Susan Karina Montes Bujaico, Misael Montes Bujaico, Deyvid Cruz Ventura, Fredy Quintana Uscamayta, Jonatan Quispe Taipe https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Preparation of briquettes from sour cherry wood waste (prunus cerasus) and agricultural waste by binding with aloe vera gel
The sustainable use of briquettes as compacted solid biofuel was analyzed, manufactured from cherry sawdust (Prunus cerasus), using corn bagasse, aloe vera gel and shredded cardboard as a binder, based on agricultural waste. For this, two types of briquettes were produced, with ideal conditions that favor their use, composed of raw materials in different quantities. Through the development of the briquettes, the samples were analyzed, obtaining values ​​of the wood anatomy, weight, density, moisture content, combustion time and percentage of cellulose. Establishing that the briquette that presents the appropriate physicochemical and mechanical properties is the type I briquette, that is, the mixture of corn bagasse and aloe vera gel. Wet weight values ​​of between 0.11527 kg and 0.11941 kg and a dry weight of between 0.09166 Kg and 0.09471 Kg were obtained; also, with a combustion time of between 50'.34" and 57'.10" and a cellulose percentage of 47.54% based on the first treatment and 46.95% in the second treatment.
Copyright (c) 2024 Elyane Estefany Belito Huamani, Susan Karina Montes Bujaico, Nilton Paul Arias Palomino, Andrea Elizabeth Barreto Palomino, Jhon Deyvis Chamorro Sinchi, Alex Smith Quispe Torre, Yosber Ramos Quispe, Olinda Torres Rojas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Green Threat: How Chlorociboria aeruginosa and Captivating Cluster Funne Affect Persea americana Wood, Ahuaycha – Tayacaja, 2024
Wood is an essential natural resource, but its durability is threatened by xylophagous fungi such as Chlorociboria aeruginosa and Captivating Cluster Funnel. This study aims to structurally analyze Persea americana (palto) wood affected by these fungi, evaluating their effects on physical and mechanical properties. The research was carried out in Ahuaycha, Huancavelica, in the General Studies laboratory of the National Autonomous University of Tayacaja. Samples of affected wood were collected, which were subjected to a process of cutting, staining and microscopic analysis. The results indicate that Captivating Cluster Funnel causes severe deterioration, manifesting in a dark brown coloration and a significant decrease in structural strength. In contrast, Chlorociboria aeruginosa presents a moderate impact, with a blue-green coloration and a more localized effect on the surface layers of the wood. The findings underline the importance of implementing monitoring and control strategies to mitigate the damage caused by these fungi, as well as the need for advanced detection methods to preserve wood quality in various industries.
Copyright (c) 2024 Elyane Estefany Belito Huamani, Susan Karina Montes Bujaico , Misael Montes Bujaico, Deyvid Cruz Ventura, Fredy Quintana Uscamayta https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Assessment of the Impact of Mining Activity on Andean Water Resources and the Formulation of Strategies for Sustainable Management
Mining in the Andean region of South America has significant environmental impacts, especially on water resources, affecting both their quality and availability. Mining activities, both industrial and artisanal, release heavy metals, acidify water bodies, and alter ecosystems, posing a serious threat to public health and the environment. This research aims to analyze the effects of mining on water resources in the Andes through a review of scientific literature. To this end, various studies and environmental impact reports related to mining in the region were examined. The results indicate that around 70% of surface water sources in mining areas exceed the permitted limits for heavy metal contamination, such as arsenic and mercury, while Las Bambas mining consumes approximately 6,000 cubic meters of this resource daily, causing extensive damage, such as a reduction of up to 50% in the diversity of macroinvertebrates in contaminated rivers. In response, mitigation strategies such as water recycling, the use of passive treatment technologies, micro-watershed restoration, and community participation in water management are proposed. In addition, it is proposed to strengthen environmental regulations by aligning them with international standards. It is concluded that mining in the Andes seriously affects water quality, making it urgent to implement a sustainable approach that balances economic development with the conservation of water resources.
Copyright (c) 2024 Susan Karina Montes Bujaico, Elyane Estefany Belito Huamani, Misael Montes Bujaico, Cruz Ventura Deyvid, Wilson Manuel Montañez Artica, Jonatan Quispe Taipe https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Efficiency of briquettes, physical properties and cellulose from quishuar (Buddleja americana)
This paper investigates the feasibility of using Quishuar (Buddleja americana) sawdust for the production of environmentally friendly briquettes, focusing on its potential as a sustainable energy source in the Tayacaja Province, Peru. Through a detailed analysis of the briquettes' physical and chemical properties, significant results were found: a moisture content of 18.43%, a density of 480.85 kg/m³, and a cellulose content of 61.42%. Furthermore, the briquettes demonstrated a combustion time of 1 hour and 53 minutes, suggesting favorable energy efficiency. Using Quishuar waste to produce briquettes achieves a double advantage: waste is efficiently managed and a clean, renewable fuel is obtained, reducing dependence on conventional energy sources. However, further research is required to perfect their production and thoroughly assess their long-term environmental impact.
Copyright (c) 2024 Elyane Estefany Belito Huamani, Susan Karina Montes Bujaico, Frank Alex Chahuaylacc De La Cruz, Jakelin Janeth Chancha Inga, Lizeth Nayely Juñuruco Pituy, Nataly Lujan Huamani, Elvia Luzmila Torres Flores https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Inventory of wood-eating fungi and their impact on structural wood degradation in eucalyptus, alder, and pine forests in the Viñas Population Center, Tayacaja-Huancavelica, 2024
The study investigated xylophagous fungi in eucalyptus, alder, and pine wood in Viñas, Tayacaja, and Huancavelica, evaluating their impact on structural degradation. Ten fungal species were identified using macroscopic and microscopic methods, with Trametes cinnabarina, Stereum hirsutum, and Ganoderma applanatum being the most prominent species associated with white and brown rot. These species significantly affect lignin and cellulose, key components of wood, decreasing its mechanical strength. Inventory and microscopic analysis identified the structure and hyphal system of the fungi, while safranin staining highlighted differences in tissues. Ganoderma applanatum showed the greatest impact on the three forest species, while Coniophora puteana and Heterobasidion annosum primarily affected pine. Trametes cinnabarina and Stereum hirsutum attacked Eucalyptus and Alder, highlighting their vulnerability. However, species such as Ceratiomyxa fruticulosa and Usnea did not show degrading activity. The results highlight the relationship between the lignocellulosic composition of wood and the degrading capacity of fungi, influenced by factors such as humidity and temperature. This underscores the importance of managing these factors to mitigate damage to forest ecosystems and preserve wood quality, which is crucial in industrial and construction applications.
Copyright (c) 2024 Elyane Estefany Belito Huamani, Susan Karina Montes Bujaico, Misael Montes Bujaico, Deyvid Cruz Ventura, Fredy Quintana Uscamayta https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Physicochemical Evaluation of Drinking Water with a Hospital-Based Approach in Pampas - Tayacaja: Impact on Sanitary Security, Infrastructure, and Water Resource Management
Drinking water is essential for life, and public health is directly affected by its quality, especially in hospital environments, where a safe supply helps prevent diseases. This study evaluated the physicochemical parameters of drinking water in a healthcare facility in Pampas-Tayacaja to determine its compliance with sanitary standards. Through a stratified probabilistic sampling, a quantitative experimental study was conducted to analyze pH, electrical conductivity, turbidity, and residual chlorine. Over a twelve-month period, five critical nodes of the distribution system were selected, including key supply points and high-demand areas. The results indicated that turbidity exceeded acceptable limits, while pH and electrical conductivity remained within the permitted ranges. This suggests the presence of suspended particles that could promote microbial growth or interfere with disinfection. Additionally, variations in water quality could impact the distribution system infrastructure, increasing the risk of obstructions and pipe corrosion. It is concluded that the drinking water in the healthcare facility does not fully comply with quality standards, making it essential to strengthen its monitoring and implement corrective measures, such as additional filtration and disinfection optimization. These actions will ensure a safe supply, reduce health risks, and protect the infrastructure of the supply system.
Copyright (c) 2024 Susan Karina Montes Bujaico, Elyane Estefany Belito Huamani , Betsy Sayumi Núñez Ramos, Ronald Ortecho Llanos, Misael Montes Bujaico, Fredy Quintana Uscamayta, Oliver Taype Landeo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Copyright (c) 2024 Susan Karina Montes Bujaico, Elyane Estefany Belito Huamani, Betsy Sayumi Núñez Ramos, Ronald Ortecho Llanos, Misael Montes Bujaico, Fredy Quintana Uscamayta, Oliver Taype Landeo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The FITOVIDA Scientific and Technological Journal is a multidisciplinary journal of the Inter-American University for Development (UNIDX), whose main objective is to disseminate results of scientific research carried out by the academic community in various fields of science. FITOVIDA Scientific and Technological Magazine promotes and strengthens exponential and prospective research in a knowledge society context; For this reason, it is open access (oa.works), its contents are freely available to the public and institutions that require information, without any financial, technical or any type of barrier; the only condition on distribution and reproduction is to respect written intellectual property, properly citing the author of the research. The FITOVIDA Scientific and Technological Journal is published every six months and has a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which allows the scientific community, academics, and students to "distribute, remix, adapt, and build on the material at any time." medium or format, as long as attribution is given to the creator. In this first edition Vol. 2, No. 1, Year 2023; presents original and unpublished scientific articles, which have gone through a process called "double-blind peer review", which implies that two experts in the field have evaluated the works before their publication. From now on, our thanks to the national and foreign authors who have placed their trust in the FITOVIDA Scientific and Technological Journal.
Copyright (c) 2024 Atilio Rodolfo Buendia Giribaldi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Environmental quality of the water of the Rio Bella and Supte Chico – Huánuco
Water is an important resource for human life, since it is very useful in different activities such as crop irrigation, electricity generation and drinking water. Water consumption is increasing rapidly and its supply sources are highly threatened by man-made pollution. Therefore, it is required to properly manage this resource and constantly monitor its quality. Water quality indices (ICA) are mathematical tools that integrate information from various parameters, allowing large amounts of data to be transformed into a single scale for measuring water quality. A study was carried out to determine the Water Quality Index, using the ICA-PE method in the Bella and Supte Chico rivers, for which water samples were taken at three points (high point, midpoint and low point), and Physicochemical (conductivity, temperature) and chemical (OD, BOD5, pH, cadmium, lead) parameters, microbiological parameters (thermotolerant coliforms) were determined, in addition, the morphometric parameters of the Bella river basin and the Supte Chico river were determined.
Copyright (c) 2022 Luis Eduardo Oré Cierto, Sheyla Tatiana Quispicho Espinoza , Wendy Caroline Loarte Aliaga, Juan Daniel Oré Cierto, Cesar Samuel López López https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Economic valuation of the Sleeping Beauty landscape beauty of the Tingo María National Park – Huánuco, 2022
The general objective of the research work was to carry out the economic valuation of the landscape beauty of the sleeping beauty of the PNTM by the population of the city of Tingo María, for which the object of the valuation of the environmental asset has first been defined, as well as to the population, this in order to carry out the simulation of the market from probabilistic or random sampling, later 397 surveys were carried out on the population of Tingo María and its surroundings and the statistical and econometric analysis was also carried out which allowed determining the economic value of the environmental asset based on the characterization of the indicators and/or variables: number of people who live there, number of people they know, number of people who visit, means of transport, visitors to the viewpoint, satisfaction, fundamental image, conservation and/or protection, knowledge of history, comments to your social circle, money management, willingness to pay, pay monthly mind, maximum willingness to pay, average income, means of communication, implementation of image, implementation of a protection and/or conservation program, gender, age, level of education, occupation; regarding the valuation of the landscape beauty of the Sleeping Beauty of the Tingo María National Park.
Copyright (c) 2022 Luis Eduardo Oré Cierto, Eduardo Leonel Ramírez Melgarejo , Juan Pablo Rengifo Trigozo, Wendy Caroline Loarte Aliaga, Juan Daniel Oré Cierto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Inventory of trees with medical properties distributed in the province of Leoncio Prado
The inventory of trees with medicinal properties distributed in the province of Leoncio Prado, located in the eastern part of Peru, high forest or Rupa Rupa, characterized by high rainfall with a great biodiversity, the work was developed through direct identification, collections field surveys, written surveys and direct interviews with the inhabitants of the communities, about the uses of these plants, reporting 87 tree species distributed for the area, being the Euphorbiceae family the one with the largest number with 9 species with medicinal properties, followed by the family Rubiaceae, Anacardiaceae, and Moraceae each with 6 species, these arboreal species are used for their properties as antidiarreic, desinflammatory, diuretic, antipyretic, antirheumatic, cicatrizant, stomatologic, stimulant, anticancer, galactogena, among others, for what we indicate that for the study area there is a diversity of tree species that are used for their medicinal properties.
Copyright (c) 2022 José Kalión Guerra Lu, Luis Eduardo Oré Cierto, Juan Daniel Oré Cierto, Wendy Caroline Loarte Aliaga https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The right to health in Peru: paradigm shift from the covid-19 health emergency
Internationally, health is considered a human right, (WHO) however, in Peru access to health care in times of pandemic is discriminatory, in many cases citizens fight against the system for their rights. It is evident as problematic that there are deficiencies in entering the health system in violation of the constitutional right to health and it is justified because health coverage is not provided in a timely and egalitarian manner, with the objective that the theories on the subject support this analysis that evidences the violation of the right to health established in the political constitution of Peru. The methodology is descriptive and exploratory, based on a critical view of articles on the subject published in specialized journals. The main conclusion is the failure to comply with the laws established for access to health, making it a discriminatory and unequal policy.
Copyright (c) 2022 Christian Janderson Quiroz Angulo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Planting of Inga edulis (guaba) and contribution of macronutrients in degraded soils excocales
The objective of the research was to determine the effect of planting Inga edulis "guaba" of 2, 4 and 6 years in the contribution of macronutrients N, P, K, in degraded soils ex coca plantations and their economic value. The population was the degraded soils of former cocales of Ricardo Palma Tingo María. The sample: degraded soils ex cocales with Inga edulis “Guaba” planting of 2, 4, 6 years of planting time. The type of research was applied because it sought to determine the effect of the sowing of Inga edulis "Guaba of 2, 4 and 6 years in the contribution of macronutrients N, P, K, in degraded soils ex coca plantations and their economic value. Explanatory level because the planting of Inga edulis "Guaba" and the contributions of macronutrients in degraded excocal soils were analyzed. Observation and laboratory analysis were used as techniques, and location sheets, field notebook and analysis sheet were used as instruments. The results show that degraded soils ex cocales with 2-year-old Inga edulis "Guaba" planting present between 53.27 to 59.30% of exchangeable bases, and between 40.70 to 46.73% of exchangeable acidity with aluminum saturation between 37.63 to 43.78%. . The soils of 4 years present between 74.14 to 83.39% of exchangeable bases, and between 16.61 to 25.86% of exchangeable acidity with aluminum saturation between 14.95 to 25.20%, which means that there is a moderate to high concentration of available aluminum, with the presence of iron phosphates, aluminum and manganese phosphates. The 6-year-old soils have a pH between 5.63 to 6.11, that is, slightly acidic where the soils are productive, because in these lots all the macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulfur), as well as the micronutrients (boron, copper, zinc, Fe, Molybdenum, etc.). It is concluded that it is important to give greater value to the cultivation of Inga edulis "Guaba" the same one that can be used in the recovery of degraded soils ex cocales.
Copyright (c) 2022 José Kalión Guerra Lu, Luis Eduardo Oré Cierto, Wendy Caroline Loarte Aliaga, Juan Daniel Oré Cierto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Violence in homes is a structural reality in our society and affects thousands of homes every day. The implementation of resilient strategies to address this problem is a challenge for the governments of different countries. There are various forms of violence, such as negligence, physical, sexual and psychological violence, child marriage and early unions, which violate the rights and integrity of children and adolescents. It has been warned that no country is free from this problem, and manifestations of violence can occur at home, school, care institutions, justice, the community, and digital environments. Violence in the home mainly affects girls and boys and may be related to other risk factors that give rise to different forms of violence. In Peru, more than 60% of women have been victims of violence by their husbands or cohabitants, which shows that more than 50% of Peruvian women do not feel safe within their own families. In addition, alarming figures such as tolerance or justification of violence against women, cases of femicide, disappearances of women and adolescent mothers are highlighted. Family violence in the home is an important and complex issue that encompasses different forms of physical, sexual, emotional, economic or psychological abuse. Anyone can be a victim of domestic abuse, regardless of their sociodemographic profile. Abuse manifests itself as a pattern of abusive behavior on the part of the aggressor, who exercises power and control over the victim. This type of violence can have serious physical and emotional consequences, especially for children and young people, affecting their mental health and academic performance. In short, domestic violence is a problem that requires urgent attention and action to ensure the safety and well-being of people in their own homes.
Copyright (c) 2023 Atilio Rodolfo Buendía Giribaldi, Augusto Robert Castro Rodríguez, Miguel Antonio Rojas Quispe, Marco Antonio Alvarado Figueroa, Peter Alexander Quispe Asto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Online Challenges: "the one who falls asleep last wins", a danger for schoolchildren
The viral challenge called "the one who falls asleep last wins" has become popular on TikTok and consists of ingesting clonazepam to induce sleep. This challenge has serious consequences for minors, since the inappropriate use of tranquilizers can have dangerous side effects. Clonazepam is a drug from the benzodiazepine family that is used to control seizures and panic attacks, but its non-prescription use can lead to risks such as drug dependence and drug interaction. In addition, other dangerous challenges have been reported, such as the blue whale challenge, which is linked to suicide. It is essential that parents are aware of their children's online activities, that teachers are trained in new technologies and that public policies are implemented to prevent these situations. In the face of a dangerous challenge, it is recommended to report it to the corresponding platform, the police or organizations against cyberbullying and online violence. Children must learn to differentiate between harmless and dangerous challenges, develop critical thinking, and have open communication with their parents. Reporting these challenges is crucial to prevent more people from falling into these traps.
Copyright (c) 2023 Atilio Rodolfo Buendía Giribaldi, Augusto Robert Castro Rodríguez, Miguel Antonio Rojas Quispe, Marco Antonio Alvarado Figueroa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Hydrodynamic and hydrological modeling of fluvial floods in the plain of the Pacaya Samiria National Reserve, period 2018-2019
The research work included a description of the fluvial flooding process in the Pacaya Samiria National Reserve by the Marañón, Ucayali, Huallaga and tributaries of the Tapiche, Tigres, Samiria and Pacaya rivers. The influence of this process on biodiversity and fishing activity is described, through flow and sediment transport, river levels and flows according to the hydrological cycle. A two-dimensional model was developed with a computational domain that encompasses the Reserve and its buffer area. A DEM was used as part of the terrain model, and for the bottom geometry of the Huallaga, Marañón, Ucayali, Pacaya and Amazon rivers, bathymetry carried out by the Peruvian Navy in 2014 in the Amazon River and for the other rivers, by the Center for Water Research and Technology (CITA) in 2018 and 2019 were used. With respect to the boundary conditions, interpolated flows from the 2018 and 2019 campaigns of the MOORE project of CITA-UTEC were used; and calibrated with water levels from SENAMHI hydrometric stations transformed to EGM96 geoidal wavelet elevations. The water levels of the Marañon and Ucayali rivers were calibrated at the San Regis and Requena stations with water level elevations of 106.341 m and 101.96 m respectively with a manning coefficient value of 0.04 for both rivers. A maximum flow in the Amazon River of 56459.2 m3/s was obtained, and a maximum flooding area without including the rivers of 6698.92 km2 was obtained, which corresponds to 19% of the Reserve area for the 2018-2019 hydrological year. The discharge routes were identified, where the largest inflow is through the Puinahua channel in the months of April and May, and the flooded areas were contrasted with the maps of vegetation cover, geology, geomorphology and life zones. Finally, the relationship between the hydrological cycle and the diversity of flora and fauna was described. The relationship of flora and fauna diversity with the flooding process of the Huallaga, Marañón and Ucayali rivers was described, identifying the floodplain, the discharge routes of non-permanent flows and the productivity of fishing activity.
Copyright (c) 2023 Bryan Santillan Tello, Luis Eduardo Oré Cierto, Grecia Stefany Valdivia Vergaray, Christian Edson Frías Pérez, Wendy Caroline Loarte Aliaga, Erle Otto Javier Bustamante Scaglioni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Effect of slow filtration systems on vehicle wash effluents
The present research work, slow filtration in effluents from car washes, has as main objective to evaluate the effects of slow filtration systems (sand with activated carbon, charcoal, coconut mesocarp and gravel), for effluents from car washes. vehicles, for this research a slow sand filtering system was built, and 20-liter plastic containers, PVC pipes and glues were used, wastewater was also collected from vehicle washes in a timbo and taken to the laboratory, and physicochemical parameters were characterized before and after passing through the slow filtration system such as pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, temperature and electrical conductivity, and as a conclusion it has been found that the efficiency of turbidity removal of the slow filter system at from activated carbon was 99,35% and the parameters of pH, turbidity and electrical conductivity had a statistically significant behavior.
Copyright (c) 2023 Luis Eduardo Oré Cierto, Diana Cruz González, Steve Edwin González De la Cruz, Katherin Jasmin Rivas Enciso , Wendy Caroline Loarte Aliaga, Jorge Alejandro Suarez Vásquez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The use of fractal imagery and the Integral Strategy in cognitive stimulation of 3- to 7-year-old children: preparation for machine learning
The present study demonstrates the connection between fractal images, children's cognitive development, and machine learning by assessing how self-similarity influenced the cognitive development of children aged 3 to 7, especially in their ability to focus and concentrate. Furthermore, the relationship between technological convergence and fractal images was evaluated, highlighting their potential to inspire innovative applications. The methodology included a comprehensive review of relevant scientific literature and a detailed analysis of research on children's cognitive development. Appropriate statistical methods were employed to analyze the data, notably utilizing the Student's t-test, which helped to reveal the connection between machine learning and self-similarity in nature. The results underscored the significant potential of fractal images to stimulate the cognitive development of young children, with significant implications in fields such as education and preparation for machine learning. This demonstrates the relevance of research in basic sciences, providing the necessary foundations to advance its algorithms. The article emphasized the exciting convergence between fractal vision, technology, and basic science research, opening new perspectives for future research and applications in various fields, from education to artificial intelligence. Additionally, a comprehensive strategy was proposed with the aim of achieving positive results in children's cognitive development.
Copyright (c) 2023 Atilio Rodolfo Buendía Giribaldi, Celín Pérez Nájera, Shirley Emperatriz Chilet Cama https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Evaluation of customer satisfaction with the potable water services provided by EPS Seda Huánuco S.A. in the town of Tingo María
The research was developed with the purpose of knowing the level of satisfaction of the consumers of the drinking water service of the company Seda Huánuco SA in the city of Tingo María; for this purpose 210 surveys were conducted with users of the drinking water service, according to the calculated sample size, randomly selected in the southern zone, urban zone of the city of Tingo María and zone of Castillo Grande, the survey consisted of 25 questions divided into seven parts with respect to the quality service of drinking water. To measure the level of user satisfaction, each question was measured on a Likert scale: 1) Totally dissatisfied, 2) Dissatisfied, 3) Indifferent, 4) Satisfied and 5) Totally satisfied. Microsoft Excel software was used for statistical processing of the data collected. The results revealed that 29.89% are dissatisfied with the quality of the water currently provided by the company, but 22.55% are totally satisfied with the quality of the water.
Copyright (c) 2023 Luis Eduardo Oré Cierto, Jorge Alejandro Suarez Vásquez, Wendy Caroline Loarte Aliaga, Juan Daniel Oré Cierto , Ivet Victoria Falcón Ramírez, Ericson Oré Cierto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Modeling fractal patterns in plants using Python for the development of geometric skills in children 4-7 years old
The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of introducing fractal pattern modeling in plants using Python for the development of geometric skills in children aged 4-7 years. Many educational programs do not integrate enough tangible and visual activities to help children understand abstract geometric concepts. This can result in a lack of interest and understanding, as children learn best through concrete experiences. Furthermore, the lack of adequate resources and tools in classrooms can limit opportunities to explore geometry interactively, negatively affecting the development of essential spatial and geometric skills. This research was experimental methodology. Children's progress in understanding shapes, dimensions and spatial relationships was measured through a more experiential and practical approach in the classroom. A higher level of participation and interest of children in geometric learning was observed through more dynamic and playful methods. The impact on the development of spatial skills, such as visualization ability and geometric problem solving, was evaluated. It was concluded that children improved their ability to identify geometric figures when exposed to fractal patterns of plants modeled using Python.
Copyright (c) 2023 Abraham Lincon Minaya Ticona, Carlos Eduardo Torres Castro, Dasha Ayelen Melgarejo Paulino, Atilio Rodolfo Buendía Giribaldi, Rafael Edgardo Carlos Reyes https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Chladni sound figures for the development of abstract thinking in children 5 years old
This study investigated the impact of Chladni's sound figures on the development of abstract thinking in 5-year-old children, using an experimental methodology that combined practical and technological sessions. Interactive sessions were conducted in which children actively participated in the creation of geometric patterns using sand and vibrations. During these sessions, detailed observation and direct manipulation of the sound figures were encouraged. In addition, the Python programming language was implemented for the generation and manipulation of the Chladni figures, as well as for frequency modulation. The integration of technology allowed for a more dynamic and personalized experience, adapting to the individual needs of the children and facilitating experimentation with different wave and frequency configurations. The results highlighted significant progress in the children's abstract thinking skills, evidenced by their ability to identify and analyze complex patterns, as well as make connections to abstract concepts such as waves and frequencies. These findings support the effectiveness of Chladni's sound figures and underscore the usefulness of the technological approach, especially the use of Python and Matlab, as an innovative pedagogical tool to complement early childhood cognitive development.
Copyright (c) 2023 Kyara Mayte Cielo Camacho Lozada, Gerardo Matias Calizaya Álvarez, Atilio Rodolfo Buendía Giribaldi, Rafael Edgardo Carlos Reyes https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Fractal Music in the Development of Cognitive and Meaningful Skills in Children aged 3 to 7 years
This project focuses on enhancing the cognitive and meaningful skills of children aged 3 to 7 through activities and exposure to fractal music. In an experiment, children were divided into groups and participated in specific activities related to fractal music, demonstrating a positive impact on their cognitive abilities. Significant improvements were observed in tasks such as problem-solving, creativity, and spatial perception. Additionally, an increase in their ability to attribute meaning to concepts and experiences was recorded, indicating a more robust cognitive development. These results support the hypothesis that fractal music and specific activities are effective for cognitive and meaningful development in children of these ages, providing valuable insights into their influence in the early stages. Highlighting the relevance in education, this study underscores how fractal music can positively impact the comprehensive development of childhood, offering important perspectives for the design of educational programs and the promotion of crucial skills from an early age.
Copyright (c) 2023 Camila Amelia Yarumi Yañez Paredes, Fabrizio Raí Calizaya Alvarez, Atilio Rodolfo Buendía Giribaldi, Rafael Edgardo Carlos Reyes https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Identification of zoonotic agents in domestic pigeons (Columba livia) that inhabit the Simón Bolivar park in the city of Montería
The focus of this work is to identify some zoonotic agents in domestic pigeons (Columba livia) that inhabit the Simón Bolívar Park in the city of Montería. The objective of the research is to evaluate the possible health risks associated with the presence of these birds in the park and to propose appropriate prevention measures. Methodology: A visual census of the pigeons was carried out, samples of feces, feathers, and tissues were collected and microbiological analyzes were performed. The presence of zoonotic parasites was evaluated and the environmental conditions of the park were analyzed.Results: in 100% of the samples the following parasites were found: Malophagous lice (Columbicola columbae), pigeon fly (Pseudolynchia canariensis), chewing lice (Menopon gallinae) and bird mite (Ornithonyssus bursa). Internal parasites such as oocysts of Ascaridia spp (40.625%), Capillaria spp (28.13%), Eimeria spp (25%), oocysts of coccidia (18%), Raillietina eggs (16.87%) and Syngamus eggs (14,375). C. neoformans in 23% of the samples. No serum antibodies were detected against Salmonella sp. Conclusions: domestic pigeons (Columba livia) that live in Simón Bolívar Park are highly infected with both external and internal parasites. These findings suggest that pigeons may carry a variety of parasitic infections that could have implications for the health of people who frequent the Park; several of the parasites identified are potential agents of zoonotic diseases, which may represent a health risk. of people who come into contact with birds or their environment.
Copyright (c) 2023 Jordan Celedón Daza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Obtaining and extraction of starch from Manihot Esculenta Crantz to synthesize biodegradable polymers, helping to reduce plastic pollution in Bucaramanga, Santander
Pollution is one of the biggest problems today, it has an environmental and social risk for all countries in the world, it is mostly made up of non-biodegradable waste, such as plastic. Therefore, a way was sought to replace this waste with one that was biodegradable and did not harm the environment. The objective of our project was to obtain and extract cassava starch to synthesize biodegradable polymers, to help reduce plastic pollution in Bucaramanga Santander. And the steps that were carried out to achieve this objective were the following: extraction of cassava starch by the homemade method, carrying out synthesis processes on the starch to be able to transform it into a polymer, finally, the execution of tests on the polymer. From this project, a mass with a smooth and brown appearance was obtained, which was the sample of the cassava starch polymer with an 80/20 percentage of starch and glycerol. This project has been able to provide different ways of synthesizing the biodegradable polymer based on cassava starch for the creation of biodegradable plastic.
Copyright (c) 2023 Andrés Felipe López Bermúdez, Osbaldo Arnulfo Fino Medina, Laura Andrea Blanco Gómez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Effect of organic substrate on growth of plantulas bolaina blanca (Guazuma crinita Mart.) and shaina (Colubrina glandulosa Perkins.) in the nursery phase – San Martin, 2022
When determining the effect of organic substrate on the growth of Guazuma crinita (bolaina blanca) and Colubrina glandulosa (shaina) seedlings in the nursery phase in the Fundo San Jorge district of Zapatero, province of Lamas - San Martín, Peru. The substrate used was (black earth, charred husk, composted and chicken manure). The increase in diameter, increase in height, main root length and number of leaves of two forest species G. crinita and C. glandulosa were determined. The Completely Random Design (DCA) was used, with a factorial arrangement of 2AX4B compared by means of the TUKEY test at a level of α: 0.05 where significant statistical differences were found in terms of the variables increase in diameter, increase in height, length of main root and the number of leaves where the G. crinita species, the agricultural soil substrate and the combination of G. crinita with agricultural substrate and agricultural soil substrate with composted husk plus chicken manure in nursery substrate in a 3-2-1 ratio were the best as factors under study, in terms of the physical and chemical properties of the charred husk and chicken manure, it was found that the charred husk has a strongly acidic pH, a medium content of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus and low K2O content according to the Analysis of the agricultural land and the chemical properties of the chicken manure show a slightly acidic pH, average content of organic matter, also content and phosphorus, high in nitrogen and low in K2O.
Copyright (c) 2022 Luis Eduardo Oré Cierto, Drisdally Hidalgo Ríos, Juan Pablo Rengifo Trigozo, Wendy Caroline Loarte Aliaga https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Land use conflicts in the Cocheros micro-basin Tingo María, 2022
Huánuco department, with the purpose of determining the conflicts of use in the Cocheros basin. The methodology consisted of preparing thematic maps whose information facilitates obtaining the map of greater land use capacity, taking as a reference the regulation of greater land use capacity. The units of current use were established through the supervised classification with control points and their classification was according to the classification system of the International Geographical Union (IGU) suitable for the study area. The land use conflicts were established by superimposing the maps of C.U.M and U.AT, taking into account the three levels such as correct use, underuse and overuse. The greater land use capacity includes land suitable for: clean cultivation with low agrological quality and limited by soil (A3s) with 80.71 hectares, in forest production two classes were found, one of medium agrological quality and with limitations due to micro-relief and soil (F2es) with 26.32 hectares and another with low agrological quality and with limitations due to micro-relief and soil (F3es) with 262.44 hectares and protection lands (X) with 86.4 hectares.
Copyright (c) 2022 Luis Eduardo Oré Cierto, Andrade Machuca Geyson, Juan Pablo Rengifo Trigozo, Wendy Caroline Loarte Aliaga, Juan Daniel Oré Cierto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0